SUCHETA KRIPALANI - MODERN INDIA

News: Who was Sucheta Kripalani, India’s first woman Chief Minister?

 

What's in the news?

       June 25 is the birth anniversary of Sucheta Kripalani, India’s first woman Chief Minister.

       Kripalani, a freedom fighter who was born in 1908, served as Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh for about three and a half years from October 2, 1963 to March 13, 1967.

       She then served as Lok Sabha MP until 1971.

 

Sucheta Kripalani:

       Sucheta Kripalani was born on June 25, 1908, in Ambala, Punjab.

       She studied at Indraprastha College for Women and St. Stephen’s College, University of Delhi.

       She married J. B. Kripalani, a former Congress president and Gandhian, in April 1936 against familial and Mahatma Gandhi’s wishes.

 

Early Career:

       Joined BHU to teach Constitutional History in 1929, participated in Satyagraha, and was imprisoned in 1940.

 

Role in Congress:

       Organized the foreign affairs wing of AICC and later founded the All India Mahila Congress.

       She won by a margin of 99 votes over Kamalapati Tripathi and was sworn in as CM on October 2, 1963.

 

Contributions and Achievements:

1. Educational Reforms:

       Waived school fees for girls up to Class 10 from January 1965.

       Established Meerut University and Kanpur University.

 

2. Social Reforms:

       Increased reservation for SCs in government jobs to 24% in Group C and 45% in Group D until the 18% target was achieved.

 

3. Infrastructure Developments:

       Established a Sainik School in Ghorakhal, a new medical college in Meerut, and the UP Awas Vikas Parishad.

       She created the post of agriculture production commissioner.

 

4. Crime Control:

       Neutralized many dacoits in the Chambal Valley with the help of the Police Radio Unit.

 

5. Anti-Corruption Stance:

       Emphasized the need to tackle growing corruption in public services, supporting the Union government’s initiative to appoint a vigilance commission.

 

6. Multifaceted Contributions:

       Involved in relief activities for the 1934 Bihar earthquake, Noakhali riots, Tibetan refugee rehabilitation, and the Indo-Pak War of 1971.

 

Later Life and Legacy:

Post-CM Career:

       Served as Lok Sabha MP until 1971.

 

Impact:

       Her tenure as CM and various social contributions left a lasting impact on Indian politics and society, especially in terms of women’s leadership and social reforms.