CHAGO ARCHIPELAGO: GEOGRAPHY

 

NEWS: Recently, the external affairs minister said that India will continue supporting Mauritius on the issue of Chagos Archipelago in line with its stand on decolonization.

 

Location and Geography

 

  • Location: Central Indian Ocean, ~1,000 miles (1,600 km) south of the Indian subcontinent’s southern tip.
  • Territory: Overseas territory of the United Kingdom, established on November 8, 1965.

Key Islands:

  • Diego Garcia: Hosts a significant US military base.
  • Danger Island
  • Egmont Islands
  • Eagle Islands
  • Nelsons Island
  • Peros Banhos Atoll

 

Climate

  • Type: Tropical marine climate.
  • Characteristics: High temperatures and elevated humidity levels.
  • Moderation: Moderated by trade winds.

 

Chagos Archipelago Dispute

 

Historical Context

 

  • Claim: Britain and Mauritius both claimed the archipelago in 1814.
  • US Military Base: In 1966, Britain leased Diego Garcia to the United States for a military base.

 

Legal and Political Issues

  • Chagossian Rights: Descendants of African slaves from the 18th century fighting to return to their homeland.
  • Mauritius Claim: Since gaining independence in 1968, Mauritius has asserted its claim over the Chagos Islands.
  • ICJ Ruling: In 2019, the International Court of Justice ruled that the UK’s governance of the Chagos Islands was unlawful and called for its withdrawal from the archipelago.

 Source: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/india-backs-mauritius-against-uk-on-chagos-islands/articleshow/111791889.cms?from=mdr