Youngest Chess Champion - SPORTS

NEWS: Dommaraju Gukesh, an 18-year-old chess prodigy, has become the youngest chess champion in the world, defeating China's Ding Liren in a demanding three-week contest.

Gukesh has broken Garry Kasparov’s record to achieve this milestone, showcasing India’s growing dominance in the global chess arena.

 

 

WHAT’S IN THE NEWS:

India’s Growing Chess Legacy

1.    Gukesh’s victory adds to India’s chess legacy, which includes 85 Grandmasters, with Shyam Nikhil recently becoming the 85th in May 2024.

2.    India’s chess achievements highlight its rise as a powerhouse in the game, continuing the tradition established by legendary players like Viswanathan Anand.

 

Understanding the Grandmaster Title

What is a Grandmaster?

1.    Grandmaster (GM) is the highest title in chess, awarded by the International Chess Federation (FIDE).

2.    The title is considered a mark of exceptional skill and is awarded for outstanding performance against elite competition in the world’s toughest tournaments.

3.    FIDE also awards seven other titles:

    International Master (IM), FIDE Master (FM), Candidate Master (CM), and their respective titles for women: WGM, WIM, WFM, and WCM.

 

Lifetime Validity of Titles

1.    Titles such as Grandmaster are valid for life, barring proven offences like cheating.

 

Global Context

1.    FIDE has recognized fewer than 2,000 Grandmasters worldwide out of millions of players, highlighting the exclusivity of the title.

2.    Historically, Russia and the former USSR have produced the most Grandmasters, followed by the United States and Germany.

 

History of the Grandmaster Title

Origin of the Term

1.    The term “Grandmaster” originated about a century ago as a generic label for exceptional players.

2.    In 1950, FIDE began officially awarding the Grandmaster title, recognizing 27 players in the inaugural batch, including then-world champion Mikhail Botvinnik.

 

Evolution of Criteria

1.    The criteria for achieving the Grandmaster title have evolved over time, with major updates in 1957, 1965, and 1970.

2.    FIDE’s current system balances skill and consistency, making it one of the most rigorous achievements in chess.

 

Criteria for Becoming a Grandmaster

Current Requirements

1.    A player must:

    Achieve a FIDE Classical (or Standard) rating of 2,500.

    Obtain three Grandmaster norms in tournaments meeting specific criteria.

 

Grandmaster Norms

1.    A norm requires a performance rating of 2,600+ in a FIDE tournament:

    The tournament must include nine rounds.

    Opponents must belong to federations other than the player’s and include titled players.

2.    Each norm is extremely challenging to achieve, requiring players to excel in tournaments featuring top-tier competition.

 

India’s Journey in Chess

Historical Roots

1.    Chess has deep roots in India, with its indigenous form, Chaturanga, referenced in epics and cultural traditions.

2.    However, the adoption of formal Western chess in India was gradual, leading to an incremental rise in international prominence.

 

Key Milestones

1.    1961: Manuel Aaron became India’s first International Master (IM).

2.    1987: Viswanathan Anand emerged as India’s first Grandmaster (GM).

3.    2000: Anand became India’s first World Chess Champion, ushering in an era of global recognition for Indian chess.

 

Modern Achievements

1.    In the 2000s, India solidified its position as a chess powerhouse, producing 85 Grandmasters to date.

2.    Women Grandmasters (WGM):

    Vaishali Rameshbabu became India’s third woman Grandmaster in December 2023, joining Koneru Humpy and Harika Dronavalli.

 

India’s Chess Renaissance

Emergence of Young Talents

1.    The rise of players like Gukesh and Vaishali demonstrates India’s growing pool of young chess talents excelling on the global stage.

 

Global Recognition

1.    India’s achievements are reshaping the chess landscape, challenging traditional powerhouses like Russia and the US.

 

Future Outlook

1.    With increasing institutional support and the emergence of prodigies, India is poised to achieve even greater heights in chess.

 

Conclusion

Dommaraju Gukesh’s historic triumph as the youngest chess champion underscores India’s burgeoning prominence in international chess. Supported by a strong legacy, robust talent pipeline, and global recognition, India continues to cement its place as a formidable force in the chess world.

 

Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/upsc-current-affairs/upsc-essentials/knowledge-nugget-of-the-day-chess-grandmaster-and-india-gukesh-youngest-world-chess-champion-upsc-9722654/