ULTRASOUND FOR CANCER DETECTION : SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

NEWS :  Scientists are working on a way to detect cancer with sound waves

 

WHAT’S IN THE NEWS?

Researchers at the University of Alberta have developed a groundbreaking ultrasound technique that transforms cancerous tissue into blood-circulating droplets, potentially replacing invasive biopsies.This method allows for the detection of cancer biomarkers in blood samples, promising a less painful diagnostic approach.

Using Sound for Cancer Detection:

  • Ultrasound Technology: High-energy ultrasound waves break off small droplets of cancerous tissue from tumors, releasing biomolecules into the bloodstream.
  • Biomarker Identification: These droplets contain RNA, DNA, and proteins that act as cancer biomarkers, helping detect specific cancer types and mutations.
  • Enhanced Detection: The technique increases biomarker concentration in blood samples by over 100 times, improving early cancer detection.
  • Non-Invasive: A less painful, non-invasive alternative to traditional biopsies.

Challenges:

  • Low Sensitivity: Detecting circulating cancer cells in the bloodstream is difficult due to their low numbers.
  • Cost & Accessibility: Existing tests, like CellSearch, are expensive, limiting accessibility.
  • Need for Trials: Large-scale clinical trials are necessary to ensure effectiveness across different cancer types and populations.

 

Recent Advancements:

  • Single Cell Detection: Successfully detected a single prostate cancer cell in blood samples using ultrasound.
  • Cost-Effective: The new technique could lower testing costs to around $100, making cancer detection more affordable.
  • Broader Applications: Research aims to expand the technique to other cancers like breast cancer and melanoma.

Source : https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/cancer-biopsies-painful-ultrasound-waves-alternative/article68724135.ece#:~:text=Scientists%20have%20developed%20a%20new,identify%20particular%20types%20of%20cancer.