TUNA EXPORT HUB : ECONOMY

NEWS: Centre aims to make Andaman & Nicobar Islands a tuna export hub

WHAT’S IN THE NEWS?

Tuna are pelagic, warm-blooded fish critical for global seafood markets, with the Andaman and Nicobar Islands offering an annual yield potential of 64,500 tonnes. India aims to boost tuna exports, leveraging its rich resources and rising demand, especially in Japan.

Tuna Fish

  • Habitat: Pelagic fish found in tropical, subtropical, and temperate ocean regions; inhabit open waters and rarely approach the shore.

Characteristics:

·         Warm-blooded, maintaining body temperatures up to 12°C above surrounding water.

·         High-speed swimmers, capable of reaching up to 75 km/h.

·         Migrate extensively across oceans.

  • Key Species: Albacore, Skipjack, Yellowfin, and Bluefin (three types).

India's Tuna Export Potential

  • Global Market: Tuna has a global market value of $41.94 billion.
  • Indian Ocean: Contributes 21% of the world’s tuna supply, making it the second-largest producing region globally.

Andaman and Nicobar Islands:

  • Annual tuna yield potential: 64,500 tonnes (Yellowfin: 24,000 tonnes, Skipjack: 22,000 tonnes, Bigeye: 500 tonnes, Neritic: 18,000 tonnes).
  • Rich Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) supports significant untapped opportunities.
  • Mainly produces neritic tuna, with limited harvesting of high-value oceanic species like Skipjack and Yellowfin.

Export Statistics (2023-24):

  • Exported 51,626 tonnes of tuna valued at $87.96 million.
  • India ranks among the top 15 global tuna producers.

Global Dynamics:

·         Largest producer: Indonesia.

·         Largest consumer: Japan (Bluefin tuna is highly prized for sushi and sashimi).

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Geographical Features:

  • Located in the Indian Ocean, separating the Andaman Sea from the Indian Ocean.
  • Comprises two island groups: Andaman Islands (north of 10° N) and Nicobar Islands (south of 10° N).
  • The Ten Degree Channel (150 km wide) separates the two groups.
  • Capital: Port Blair.

 

 

Demographics:

  • Total: 836 islands, 38 permanently inhabited.
  • Nicobar group: 22 main islands, with 10 inhabited.

Key Initiatives

Government Efforts:

  • Aim to make Andaman and Nicobar Islands a central hub for tuna exports.
  • Recent initiatives include investor meetings to boost tuna fisheries.