THREE
BASIN SUMMIT - ENVIRONMENT
News:
Three Basins Summit: A
critical moment for forests
What's
in the news?
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Recently, the Brazzaville Summit or Three
Basins Summit was attended by more than 3,000 delegates from countries in the
three basins of the Amazon, Congo and Borneo-Mekong-Southeast Asia.
Brazzaville
Summit or Three Basins Summit 2023:
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Brazzaville Summit concluded with the
declaration by the Heads of State and Government of the States.
Fund
Commitment:
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There is a need to create a fund to address loss and damage due to climate
change.
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Leaders urged developed countries to meet
their commitments. These include the $200
billion per year by 2030, as set out in the Kunming-Montreal Global
Biodiversity Framework, and $100 billion per year in climate finance as new,
additional, predictable and adequate resources to developing countries.
Importance
of Three Basin:
●
These basins are responsible for around
three-quarters of all global biodiversity and 80 percent of the world’s forest cover.
Brazzaville
Summit Declaration:
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Recognise the value of enhanced
cooperation between the three basins Recognise that sovereign management of
biodiversity, forests and associated resources of the three basins is
essential.
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Develop solutions together.
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Pool and capitalize on existing knowledge,
experience, resources and achievements.
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Involve all states and national
authorities, including indigenous peoples, youth, women, civil society,
academia and the private sector.
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Encourage financial mobilization and the
development of traditional and innovative financing mechanisms.
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Establish a sustainable system of
remuneration for the ecosystem services provided by the three basins.
Go
back to basics:
Congo
Basin:
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It is the second-largest tropical forest in the world in terms of area.
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It is also known as the “lungs of Africa”, the Congo Basin is
the largest carbon sink in the world.
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The Congo Basin spans across six countries — Cameroon, Central
African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo,
Equatorial Guinea and Gabon.
Amazon
Basin:
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It is the largest tropical forest on the planet.
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It extends over 9 countries in South America - Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia,
Venezuela, Bolivia, French Guiana, Suriname and the Republic of Guyana.
Borneo-Mekong-Southeast
Asia Basin:
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It is the world’s third largest carbon sink, and is composed of two
sub-regions, the island of Borneo and the Mekong River.
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The Mekong River is one of the largest
rivers in the world. It crosses six
countries - China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam.
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Borneo is the fourth largest island in the
world. It is divided between Brunei, Malaysia and Indonesia.