POLAR VORTEX - GEOGRAPHY

News: Chilly weather in Asia is due to the same phenomenon that brought extreme cold to the US last month

 

What's in the news?

       Scientists say Asia's extreme cold is largely the result of the so-called 'polar vortex', the same weather phenomenon that brought exceptionally cold weather to the United States last month.

 

Polar Vortex:

       The polar vortex is a large area of low pressure and cold air surrounding both of the Earth’s poles.

       The system has a whirling mass of cold air circulating in the mid to upper-levels of the atmosphere, flowing counter-clockwise.

       This flow of air helps in containing the colder air within the poles.

 

What is a "polar vortex" event?

       Normally, when the vortex is strong and healthy, it helps keep a current of air (the jet stream) travelling around the globe in almost a circular path.

       This current contains the cold air north of it and the warm air south of it.

       But in winter, in the northern hemisphere, the polar vortex sometimes becomes less stable and expands.

       This occurs when there is a lack of a strong low-pressure system, resulting in jet stream losing the hold to keep it in line, and becoming wavy.

       So a wave of cold air will be pushed down south.

       This is called a polar vortex event, defining the “breaking off” of a part of the vortex.