NPA - ECONOMY

News: Banks’ gross NPAs drop to 3.2% in Sept-end helped by retail loans

 

What's in the news?

       The gross non-performing asset (GNPA) ratio of scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) fell to 3.2 per cent at end-September from 3.9 per cent at end-March.

 

Key takeaways:

       The GNPA ratio remained the highest for the agricultural sector and the lowest for retail loans as at end-September, the report on Trends and Progress of Banking in India 2022-23 (FY23), released by the RBI, showed.

 

Non-Performing Assets (NPA):

       NPA refers to a classification for loans or advances that are in default or are in arrears on scheduled payments of principal or interest.

       In most cases, debt is classified as non-performing, when the loan payments have not been made for a minimum period of 90 days.

 

Gross non-performing assets (GNPA):

       Gross non-performing assets are the sum of all the loans that have been defaulted by the individuals who have acquired loans from the financial institution.

 

Net non-performing assets (NNPA):

       Net non-performing assets are the amount that is realised after provision amount has been deducted from the gross non-performing assets

 

Stressed assets vs NPA:

       Stressed Asset = NPAs + Restructured assets + Written off assets.

       NPA is the part of stressed assets.

 

Restructured assets or loans:

       These are assets which have an extended repayment period, reduced interest rate, converting a part of the loan into equity, providing additional financing, or some combination of these measures. Hence, under restructuring a bad loan is modified as a new loan.

 

Written off assets:

       Written off assets are those the bank or lender doesn’t count the money the borrower owes to it.

       The financial statement of the bank will indicate that the written off loans are compensated through some other way.

       There is no meaning that the borrower is pardoned or got exempted from payment.