NOBEL PRIZE FOR MEDICINE - SCI & TECH

News: 2023 Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology: What are mRNA vaccines and how do they work? | Explained

 

What's in the news?

       The 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman for their research that enabled the development of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19.

       The prize was announced by The Royal Swedish Academy of Science on October 2, 2023.

 

mRNA Vaccine:

       An mRNA vaccine is a type of vaccine that uses a copy of a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce an immune response.

       The vaccine delivers molecules of antigen-encoding mRNA into immune cells, which use the designed mRNA as a blueprint to build foreign protein that would normally be produced by a pathogen (such as a virus) or by a cancer cell.

       Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines teach our cells how to make a protein that will trigger an immune response inside our bodies.

 

Benefit of m-RNA vaccine:

       mRNA vaccines do not use any live virus.

       mRNA vaccines cannot cause infection with the virus that causes COVID-19 or other viruses as it doesn't enter into the nucleus of the cell.

       They do not affect or interact with our DNA in any way.

       The mRNA and the spike protein do not last long in the body.

       Like all vaccines, mRNA vaccines benefit people who get vaccinated by giving them protection against diseases like COVID-19 without risking the potentially serious consequences of getting sick.

 

Recent mRNA vaccines: The GEMCOVAC-OM, Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines are messenger RNA vaccines, also called mRNA vaccines.