NEW RULES FOR RETAIL INVESTOR BY SEBI : ECONOMY

NEWS: Here’s what changes for retail investors from today as Sebi’s new F&O rules kick in

WHAT’S IN THE NEWS?

SEBI will increase the contract size for index derivatives to ₹15 lakh, rationalize weekly index derivatives, enhance tail risk coverage on expiry days, and mandate upfront premium collection for options buyers, among other reforms.

Key Measures Proposed by SEBI (Effective from November 21, 2024):

Increasing Contract Size for Index Derivatives:

  • Change: Contract size for index futures and index options will be raised to ₹15 lakh.
  • Current Range: ₹5 lakh to ₹10 lakh.
  • Purpose: Aligns with market trends and ensures better risk management for participants.

Rationalization of Weekly Index Derivatives:

  • Policy: Each exchange can offer weekly expiry contracts for only one benchmark index.
  • Objective: Avoids fragmentation and enhances liquidity in key indices.

Enhancing Tail Risk Coverage:

  • Focus: Mitigation of losses caused by rare market events (tail risks).
  • Implementation: Strengthened safeguards for the expiry day of options contracts.

Upfront Collection of Option Premium:

  • Policy: Option buyers must pay the entire premium amount upfront.
  • Objective: Ensures clarity and reduces credit risks.

Intraday Monitoring of Position Limits:

  • Measure: Continuous monitoring of participants’ positions within allowable limits during the trading day.
  • Impact: Prevents excessive speculation and ensures compliance.

Removal of Calendar Spread Treatment on Expiry Day:

  • Definition: Calendar spreads involve buying and selling options or futures contracts with different expiration dates.
  • Change: This treatment will be removed for contracts expiring on the same day to simplify trading and settlement.

 

Understanding Futures and Options (F&O):

Futures Contracts:

  • Definition: A standardized contract between two parties to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price on a specified future date.
  • Obligation: Both buyer and seller are legally bound to fulfill the contract on the expiration date.
  • Margin Payment: Investors pay only a fraction (margin) of the total value upfront.
  • Underlying Assets: Includes stocks, commodities, currencies, etc.

Options Contracts:

  • Definition: A contract granting the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call option) or sell (put option) an asset at a pre-set price before or on the expiration date.
  • Flexibility for Buyers:
    • If favorable: Exercise the option.
    • If not favorable: Let it expire.
  • Premium Payment: The buyer pays a premium for this flexibility.
  • Types:

    • Call Option: Right to buy.
    • Put Option: Right to sell.