HUMBOLDT ENIGMA - GEOGRAPHY

News: What is Humboldt’s enigma and what does it mean for India? | Explained

 

What's in the news?

       The earth’s tropical areas receive more sunlight, so they should be the most biodiverse places. Mountains defy this rule.

 

Humboldt’s Enigma:

       Humboldt’s enigma proposes that biodiversity isn’t confined solely to Earth’s tropical regions.

       It suggests that various regions beyond the tropics, such as mountainous areas, also exhibit significant biodiversity.

       For Example - In case of India, the biodiversity isn’t confined only to the tropical regions of MP, Chhattisgarh and Western Ghats but also the regions like Eastern Himalayas also serve as regions of abundant biodiversity, where variations in climate and a diverse geological makeup contribute to abundant biodiversity.

 

Evidences:

       Tropical areas receive more solar energy, fostering greater primary productivity and biodiversity due to the availability of ecological niches.

       Mountains, despite being outside the tropics, have been an exception to the rule, posing Humboldt’s enigma.

 

Uniqueness:

       Humboldt’s enigma revolves around the observation that, contrary to expectations, biodiversity doesn’t solely decrease away from the tropics; mountains stand as a significant exception.

       Humboldt’s enigma lies in his ability to synthesize diverse observations into a holistic understanding of nature, predating many modern ecological concepts.