HIGH COURT JUDGE TRANSFER - POLITY

News: Supreme Court Collegium lists seven High Court judges for transfer 

What's in the news?

       The Supreme Court Collegium led by Chief Justice of India D.Y. Chandrachud published its resolution recommending the transfer of seven High Court judges. The name of Gujarat High Court judge, Justice Nikhil S. Kariel, is not among them.

       Madras High Court Acting Chief Justice T. Raja and Telangana High Court judge, Justice A. Abhishek Reddy, however, figures in the list.

       The Collegium resolution shows the decision to propose the transfer of the seven judges was taken at its meeting on November 24.

Transfer of HC judges:

       Article 222 of the Constitution provides for the transfer of High Court judges, including the Chief Justice.

       It says the President, after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, may transfer a judge from one High Court to any other High Court.

       It also provides for a compensatory allowance to the transferred judge.

       This means that the executive could transfer a judge, but only after consulting the Chief Justice of India.

       From time to time, there have been proposals that one-third of the composition of every High Court should have judges from other States.

Collegium for HC Judges transfer:

       In the collegium era, the proposal for transferring a High Court judge, including a Chief Justice, should be initiated by the Chief Justice of India, “whose opinion in this regard is determinative”.

       For transferring a judge other than the Chief Justice, the CJI should take the views of the CJ of the court concerned, as well as the CJ of the court to which the transfer is taking place.

       The CJI should also take into account the views of one or more Supreme Court judges who are in a position to offer their views.

       In the case of transfer of a Chief Justice, only the views of one or more knowledgeable Supreme Court judges need to be taken into account.

       In case of selection and transfer of HC Judges, the collegium consists of CJI, 2 senior most judges of the SC and CJ of the concerned High Courts.

       All transfers are to be made in public interest, i.e. for promoting better administration of justice throughout the country.

       The consent of the judge is not required.

Provision for Written Recommendation:

       The views should all be expressed in writing, and they should be considered by the CJI and four senior-most judges of the Supreme Court, which means, the full Collegium of five.

       The recommendation is sent to the Union Law Minister who should submit the relevant papers to the Prime Minister.

       The PM then advises the President on approving the transfer. 

Go back to basics:

       The Supreme Court Collegium is headed by the Chief Justice of India and comprises four other senior-most judges of the court.

       A High Court collegium is led by the incumbent Chief Justice and two other senior most judges of that court.

       Names recommended for appointment by a High Court collegium reaches the government only after approval by the CJI and the Supreme Court Collegium.

       Judges of the higher judiciary are appointed only through the Collegium system, and the government has a role only after names have been decided by the collegium.