GOVERNOR – POLITY (STATE EXECUTIVE)

NEWS: Supreme Court agrees to examine constitutional provision granting immunity to Governors

WHAT’S IN THE NEWS?

Issue:

  • The Supreme Court sought responses from the Union Government and the State of West Bengal regarding a plea by a former Raj Bhavan employee.
  • The plea challenges the constitutional immunity from legal proceedings claimed by Governor C.V. Ananda Bose against a molestation complaint.

Constitutional Immunity:

  • Article 361 of the Constitution grants the President and Governors immunity from legal proceedings during their term in office.
  • The petitioner argues that the Governor cannot claim "blanket immunity" and that the complaint should be investigated.

Supreme Court Action:

·         A Bench headed by Chief Justice of India D.Y. Chandrachud issued notice, impleaded the Union, and sought assistance from the Attorney General of India.

Petitioner's Argument:

  • Represented by senior advocate Shyam Divan, the petitioner argued for an investigation into the complaint.
  • The petitioner urged the court to direct the police to begin the investigation and record the Governor's statement.
  • The petitioner also sought guidelines specifying the contours of immunity for constitutional functionaries.

Court's Observations:

  • The court noted the petition raises issues about the scope of protection under Article 361(2), which states that no criminal proceedings shall be prosecuted or continued against a Governor during their term in office.

Additional Requests:

  • The petitioner sought protection for herself and her family, along with compensation.

Background:

  • The woman filed the police complaint in May.
  • The Calcutta High Court had stayed proceedings on an FIR lodged against the Officer on Special Duty (OSD-II) to the Bengal Governor, who was accused of pressuring the woman to not file the complaint against the Governor.

Article 361: Protection of President and Governors

Immunity from Prosecution:

  • Grants immunity to the President and Governors from prosecution while in office.
  • No criminal proceedings can be started or continued against them during their term.

Personal Non-Answerability:

  • President and Governors are not personally answerable to any court for their official actions.

Review of Conduct:

  • The conduct of the President can be reviewed by a court, tribunal, or body appointed by Parliament for charges under Article 61 (impeachment).

No Arrest Warrants:

  • Courts cannot issue arrest warrants against the President or Governors.

Civil Proceedings:

  • Civil proceedings for actions in their personal capacity can only be initiated with a prior 2 months’ notice.

President and governor enjoys exception under Article 14: right to equality

Source : https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/sc-agrees-to-examine-constitutional-provision-granting-immunity-to-governors/article68421078.ece