GALLANTRY AWARDS - AWARDS

News: President approves 76 gallantry awards for Armed Forces and CAPF Personnel on eve of Independence Day 2023

 

What's in the news?

       President Droupadi Murmu approved 76 Gallantry awards to Armed Forces and Central Armed Police Forces personnel on the eve of Independence Day 2023.

 

Key takeaways:

       These include 4 Kirti Chakra (posthumous), 11 Shaurya Chakras (including five posthumous), 2 Bar to Sena Medals (Gallantry), 52 Sena Medals (Gallantry), 3 Nao Sena Medal (Gallantry) and 4 Vayu Sena Medals (Gallantry), the ministry of defence said.

 

Gallantry awards:

       Gallantry Awards have been instituted by the Government of India to honour the acts of bravery and sacrifices of the officers/personnel of the Armed Forces, other lawfully constituted forces and civilians.

       The gallantry awards are announced twice a year; first on the occasion of Republic Day and secondly, on the occasion of Independence Day.

 

Types of Gallantry awards:

    Gallantry Awards are classified into two categories:

  1. Gallantry in the Face of Enemy:

       Param Vir Chakra (PVC)

       Mahavir Chakra (MVC)

       Vir Chakra

  1. Gallantry Other than in the Face of Enemy:

       Ashok Chakra

       Kirti Chakra

       Shaurya Chakra

 

Important takeaways:

War time Highest Gallantry Awards:

       Param Vir Chakra - It is India’s highest military decoration awarded for displaying distinguished acts of valor during wartime whether on land, at sea or in the air.

       Maha Vir Chakra - It is the second highest gallantry award for acts of conspicuous gallantry in the presence of the enemy whether on land, at sea or in the air.

       Vir Chakra - It is the country's third-highest wartime gallantry award after Param Vir Chakra and Maha Vir Chakra.

 

Peacetime Highest Gallantry Awards:

       Ashoka Chakra - It is the highest military award during peacetime for valor, courageous action or sacrifice. It is awarded for most conspicuous bravery or some act of daring or pre-eminent act of valor or self-sacrifice otherwise than in the face of the enemy.

       Kirti Chakra - It is the second highest peacetime gallantry award and is awarded for valor, courageous action or self-sacrifice away from the field of battle.

       Shaurya Chakra - It is awarded to the personnel of the armed forces for instances of extraordinary gallantry.

 

Other Awards:

       Sena Medal - It is awarded for acts of exceptional devotion to duty or courage in the Army.

       Nao Sena Medal - It is awarded for individual acts of exceptional devotion to duty or courage in the Navy.

       Vayu Sena Medal - It is awarded for individual acts of exceptional devotion to duty or courage in the Air Force.

 

Order of precedence:

  1. Param Vir Chakra
  2. Ashoka Chakra
  3. Mahavir Chakra
  4. Kirti Chakra
  5. Vir Chakra
  6. Shaurya Chakra.

Selection process:

       The Ministry of Defence invites recommendations twice in a year from the Armed Forces and Union Ministry of Home Affairs for gallantry awards.

  1. For members of the Armed Forces:

       In respect of the Armed Forces, a case for the gallantry award is initiated by the Unit and if found fit the same is forwarded to respective Services Headquarters duly recommended by Commanders in the chain, immediately after the act of gallantry is performed.

       All such proposals are then considered by the Awards Committee at Services Headquarters before recommending the proposals to the Ministry of Defence with the approval of the respective Chiefs.

  1. For civilians:

       Recommendations are received from the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).

       MHA calls for recommendations from all State/UT Governments, Central Ministries/ Departments, Central Armed Police Forces and Railway Protection Force etc.