FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES OF INDIA - ECONOMY

News: Forex reserves jump to $622.469 billion

 

What's in the news?

       India's forex reserves jumped by $5.736 billion to $622.469 billion according to the report of the Reserve Bank.

 

Key takeaways:

       In October 2021, the country's forex kitty had reached an all-time high of USD 645 billion.

       The reserves took a hit as the central bank deployed them to defend the rupee amid pressures caused majorly by global developments since last year.

 

Foreign Reserves:

       Foreign exchange reserves are the foreign currencies held by a country's central bank. Foreign exchange reserves take the form of banknotes, deposits, bonds, treasury bills, and other government securities.

       Foreign exchange reserves are a nation’s backup funds in case of an emergency, such as a rapid devaluation of its currency.

       Most reserves are held in U.S. dollars, the global currency.

 

Components of Forex Reserves:

The four components of forex reserves are as follows.

       Foreign Currency Assets (FCAs) - $553.31 billion.

       Gold Reserves - $48.088 billion.

       Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) - $18.19 billion.

       Reserve position with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) - $4.86 billion.

 

Countries with Forex Reserves:

  1. China
  2. Japan
  3. Switzerland
  4. India

 

Importance of Forex for a Country:

       Countries use their foreign exchange reserves to keep the value of their currencies at a fixed rate.

       Maintain liquidity in case of an economic crisis.

       Provide confidence to the foreign investors.

       They reduce the likelihood of balance-of-payments crises, help preserve economic and financial stability against pressures on exchange rates and disorderly market conditions, and create space for policy autonomy.

       To meet its external obligations. These include international payment obligations, including sovereign and commercial debts. They also include financing of imports and the ability to absorb any unexpected capital movements.