E-CIGARETTES – SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

News: E-cigarettes linked with blood vessel damage

 What's in the news?

       Smoking cigarettes or other tobacco products has been proven to cause a host of health problems, from lung cancer to heart disease.

       In the past decade, electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, have risen in popularity as a potentially safer alternative. But recent studies suggest that these products have their own health risks.

E-cigarettes:

       E-cigarettes are battery-powered devices that heat a solution of nicotine and different flavours to create an aerosol, which is then inhaled.

       These belong to a category of vapour-based nicotine products called Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS).

Government Ban:

       In 2019, the Indian government banned the production, manufacture, import, export, transport, sale, distribution, storage and advertisement of all ENDS 

Ingredients:

       E-liquid is composed of five ingredients: vegetable glycerin (a material used in all types of food and personal care products, like toothpaste) and propylene glycol (a solvent most commonly used in fog machines.)

       Propylene glycol is the ingredient that produces thicker clouds of vapor.

       The World Health Organisation says, adding that these solutions and emissions also contain some solutions that are considered to be “toxicants”.

       The aerosol containing a suspension of fine particles and gases simulates cigarette smoke. Following a puff, the aerosol is delivered to the user’s mouth and lungs and the rest is exhaled.

Impacts of E-cigarette:

       The use of ENDS or e-cigarettes adversely affects almost all the human body systems with impact across the life course, from the womb to tomb.

       The cartridges used in ENDS or e-cigarettes are filled with liquid nicotine, flavouring agents and other chemicals.

       A typical cartridge contains about as much nicotine as a pack of 20 regular cigarettes and can act as a potential source for nicotine addiction.

       Studies on these nicotine solvents had shown a varied degree of release of potential carcinogens depending on the battery output voltage.

       The liquid-vaporizing solutions also contain toxic chemicals and metals that have been demonstrated to be responsible for several adverse health effects, including cancers and diseases of the heart, lungs and brain.