BIMSTEC - INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

News: India hosts BIMSTEC Foreign Ministers amid raging Myanmar crisis

 

What's in the news?

       The seven-member Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) should find solutions to the regional challenges within itself, External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar addressing the first BIMSTEC Foreign Ministers’ retreat held here.

 

Key takeaways:

       The meeting assumes significance as it is being held in the backdrop of major developments in neighbouring Myanmar where the military junta has been receiving battlefield setbacks against dozens of Ethnic Armed Organisations (EAOs).

       This is the first time such an event was organised since the Charter of BIMSTEC came into effect on May 20, which marked a landmark development in the evolution of the organisation.

 

BIMSTEC:

       The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) is a multilateral regional organization established with the aim of accelerating shared growth and cooperation among littoral and adjacent countries in the Bay of Bengal region.

 

Historical Backdrop:

       BIMSTEC was founded as BIST-EC (Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, and Thailand Economic Cooperation) in June 1997 with the adoption of the Bangkok Declaration.

       Myanmar joined later in 1997, leading to the renaming of the organization to BIMST-EC.

       In 2004, the organization adopted its current name, BIMSTEC, when Nepal and Bhutan became members.

 

Members:

       It comprises seven member countries - five from South Asia (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka) and two from Southeast Asia (Myanmar and Thailand).

 

Secretariat:

       The BIMSTEC Secretariat is in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

 

Institutional Mechanisms:

       BIMSTEC Summit

       Ministerial meeting

       Senior Officials Meeting

       BIMSTEC Working Group

       Business Forum & Economic Forum

 

Cooperation:

       Cooperation within the BIMSTEC had initially focused on six sectors in 1997 (trade, technology, energy, transport, tourism, and fisheries) and expanded in 2008 to other areas.

       In 2021, a reorganization led to each of the Member States leading certain sectors.

       India focuses on security, along with counterterrorism and transnational crime, disaster management and energy.

 

Organizational Structure:

       BIMSTEC is distinct from other regional groupings such as SAARC or ASEAN due to its sector-driven approach.

 

Working Mechanism:

       Before the adoption of the BIMSTEC Charter at the current summit (2024), the organization did not have a formal document or organizational architecture.

       Following the pandemic, the leaders of the BIMSTEC nations met virtually on 30 March 2022 under the chairship of Sri Lanka and adopted the charter.

 

Head Level Summits - Held every two years.

 

Ministerial Meetings - Foreign and Commerce Ministers meet annually to discuss trade and economic affairs.

 

Senior Officials Meetings - Held twice a year to monitor activities.