ARAB LEAGUE- INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

News: Back in the Arab League after 12 years, Syria seeks investments 

 

What is in the news?

       Syria’s return to the Arab League, with the attendance of President Bashar al-Assad at summit in Saudi Arabia, will mainly be about symbolism.

 

Key takeaways from the news:

       Syria called on Arab countries to invest in the war-torn nation, now again a member of the Arab League.

       The 22-member Arab League agreed earlier this month to reinstate Syria, ending a 12-year suspension.

       However, Western sanctions against Syria remain in place and could prevent Arab countries from rushing to invest in Syria - or lead to a quick release of reconstruction funds in the war-battered country.

 

Why was Syria suspended?

       Syria was suspended from the league over Assad's brutal cracking down on mass protests against his rule in 2011.

       The uprising quickly turned into a civil war that killed nearly a half million people and displaced half of the country's pre-war population of 23 million.

 

Normalization of bilateral relations:

       After Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Egypt have also renewed ties with Damascus, following normalization efforts from the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain years ago.

       Still, Kuwait, Morocco, and Qatar, remain opposed to normalizing relations with Syria and Qatar continues to be a key backer of Syrian rebel groups fighting Assad.

 

Arab league:

       Arab League, also called League of Arab States (LAS), is an intergovernmental pan-Arab organization of all Arab states in the Middle East and North Africa.

       It was formally established in 1945 after the adoption of 'Alexandria protocol'.

       Members:

       Currently, there are 22 Arab countries: Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

       Observer states:

       Armenia, Brazil, Eritrea, India and Venezuela.

       Objective:

       It aims to strengthen and coordinate the political, cultural, economic, and social programs of its members and to mediate disputes among them or between them and third parties.

       Agreement on joint defense and economic cooperation also committed the signatories to coordination of military defense measures.

       Draw closer the relations between member states and coordinate collaboration between them, to safeguard their independence and sovereignty.

       Structure:

       The League consists of the Council, the Special Ministerial Committees, the General-Secretariat and the Specialized Agencies.

       The Council is the principal political organ, consisting of foreign ministers of all the member-countries.

       Submit:

       It meets twice a year to supervise the execution of agreements between the member-states, set guidelines for cooperation.