YEAR OF DEFENCE
REFORMS – DEFENCE
NEWS: The Ministry of
Defence (MoD) has declared 2025 as the “Year of Defense Reforms,” signifying
a commitment to modernizing and strengthening its armed forces. 
 
WHAT’S IN THE NEWS?
Need for Modernization
of Defence
 - A strong and modern military is essential to safeguard the nation’s
     sovereignty, territorial integrity, and strategic interests. 
 
 - It ensures readiness to address multi-domain conflicts, including
     cyber, space, and traditional warfare.
 
 
Key Features
 - Operationaling Integrated Theatre Commands: It
     will enhance tri-services synergy by integrating the Army, Navy, and Air
     Force under unified commands.
 
 
  - Each
      command will address specific geographical challenges using shared
      resources.
 
  - Optimizes
      resource utilization and ensures joint operations across domains.
 
 
 - Technological Advancements: Emphasis on cybersecurity, space
     operations, and emerging technologies like:
 
 
  - Artificial
      Intelligence (AI)
 
  - Machine
      Learning (ML)
 
  - Hypersonic
      systems
 
  - Robotics
 
  - Focus
      on multi-domain integrated operations.
 
 
 - Streamlined Procurement: Simplification of acquisition
     processes for faster capability development.
 
 
  - Promotion
      of indigenous manufacturing and global competitiveness.
 
  - Collaboration
      and Integration: Breaking silos across defense stakeholders.
 
  - Encouraging
      public-private partnerships and technology transfers.
 
  - Collaboration
      between defense and civil industries.
 
 
 - Export-Oriented Approach: Positioning India as a credible
     exporter of defense products.
 
 
  - Building
      partnerships with foreign original equipment manufacturers (OEMs).
 
 
 - Research & Development (R&D): Strengthening
     R&D for innovation in defense technologies.
 
 
  - Establishing
      partnerships to foster indigenous solutions.
 
 
 
Impacts
 - The reforms will ensure India’s sovereignty and security,
     providing a robust defense infrastructure to counter evolving threats.
 
 - Promotes India’s goal of becoming a self-reliant defense power
     with export capabilities, contributing to economic growth.
 
 - Strengthens India’s global defense partnerships and enhances its
     position as a leader in cutting-edge military technologies.
 
 
Recent Defence Reforms
Taken
 - Chief of Defence Staff (CDS): Established
     in 2020 to promote jointness among the Army, Navy, and Air Force.
 
 - Agnipath Scheme: Short-term recruitment of soldiers
     for 4 years to modernize and reduce pension costs.
 
 - Atmanirbhar Bharat: Focus on indigenization with a
     negative import list and defense industrial corridors.
 
 - Simplified Procurement: Defence Acquisition Procedure (DAP) 2020
     to speed up and simplify purchases.
 
 - Defence Exports: Target of $5 billion by 2025;
     examples include BrahMos missile exports.
 
 - Space and Cyber Agencies: Establishment of the Defence Space
     Agency (DSA) and Cyber Agency (DCA).
 
 - Defence R&D: Promotion of startups and MSMEs
     through iDEX (Innovations for Defence Excellence).
 
 
Source: https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/defence-ministry-declares-2025-as-year-of-reforms/article69049368.ece