SPACE FDI RULES - SCI
& TECH
News: Express View on Elon Musk and
India’s space race
What's in the news?
●      
The government may have timed the notification of
its liberalised foreign direct investment (FDI) rules with the visit of US tech
mogul Elon Musk next week. 
Key takeaways:
●      
India’s share of the global space economy is between 2 and 3 percent. 
●      
The government has plans to increase it to more
than 10 per cent by 2030. 
●      
According to the Indian National Space Promotion
and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe),
an autonomous agency of the Department of Science, this scale-up will require
an investment of $22 billion in the next 10 years. 
ISRO’s Space Policy:
●      
The Space Policy redefined ISRO’s role and tasked
the agency with research and development. 
●      
The policy also recognised the private sector as an important stakeholder. Relaxing
entry barriers for FDI is a continuation of the thrust on capturing a large
share of the global space economy. 
●      
It also provides
regulatory clarity. For example, the provision relating to spaceports. 
○      
Currently, ISRO operates spaceports in the country.
●      
By allowing 49 percent FDI in the segment, the
government seems to be signalling its intent to make the ecosystem more
enabling for private companies.
FDI Policy and Space
Sector:
India has updated its FDI policy to boost its space sector such as
●      
74% FDI is now permitted under the automatic route for
satellite manufacturing and data products.
●      
49% FDI is allowed for launch vehicles and spaceports.
●      
Up to 100% FDI is possible for manufacturing components required
by the space sector.
Foreign Direct
investment Investment (FDI):
●      
It refers to investments made by foreign entities
in businesses or corporations located in another
country.
●      
This can take the form of either establishing
business operations or acquiring business assets in the other country, such as ownership or controlling interest in a
foreign company.
Routes of FDI in India:
1. Automatic Route:
●      
Under the Automatic Route, neither the foreign investor nor the Indian company needs approval from the Government of
India for the investment.
2. Government Route:
●      
Approval from the Government of India is necessary before making an investment. 
●      
Proposals for FDI under this route are reviewed by the respective Administrative
Ministry/Department.
FDI Prohibited Sectors
in India:
●      
Real Estate Business
●      
Gambling and Betting
●      
Chit Funds
●      
Nidhi Company
●      
Trading in Transferable Development Rights (TDR)
●      
Manufacturing of Tobacco Products
●      
Sectors Not Open to Private Sector Investment -
Includes atomic energy and railway operations except for activities allowed
under the Consolidated FDI policy.
● Lottery Business - Including government or private lotteries, and online lotteries.