PROHIBITION OF UNLAWFUL CONVERSION OF RELIGION
(AMENDMENT) BILL, 2024
NEWS: U.P. House passes Bill to amend law against
conversion
 
WHAT’S IN THE NEWS? 
Key
Provisions:
 - Prohibited Actions:
 
 
  - Religious conversions
      through misrepresentation, force, undue influence, coercion, allurement,
      or fraudulent methods are illegal.
 
  - Conversion by marriage or
      relationship may also be considered illegal.
 
 
 - Reporting and Punishment:
 
 
  - Any aggrieved person or
      their family can file an FIR for illegal conversion.
 
  - General punishment: 1-5
      years imprisonment and a fine of at least Rs. 15,000.
 
  - If the victim is a woman,
      minor, or belongs to SC/ST: 2-10 years imprisonment and a fine of at
      least Rs. 25,000.
 
  - Mass conversion: 3-10 years
      imprisonment and a fine of at least Rs. 50,000.
 
 
 - Conversion Process:
 
 
  - Two declarations to the
      District Magistrate are required.
 
  - The first declaration must
      state that the person chooses to convert without force or allurement.
 
  - A police enquiry will
      ensure the conversion's legitimacy.
 
  - The second declaration
      details the conversion ceremony, which will be made public for
      objections.
 
 
 
Proposed
Amendments:
 - Increase maximum punishment
     to life imprisonment.
 
 - Allow any individual to
     report a complaint.
 
 - Make bail more difficult to
     obtain.
 
 
Arguments
Against the Law:
 - Constitutional Concerns:
 
 
  - Violates rights to freedom
      of religion and privacy.
 
  - The state should not
      regulate individual religious choices.
 
 
 - Ambiguous Definitions:
 
 
  - Terms like
      "coercion," "fraud," and "allurement" are
      vague, risking misuse by law enforcement.
 
 
 - Impact on Interfaith
     Relationships:
 
 
  - Could be misused to target
      interfaith couples, especially Hindu-Muslim relationships.
 
 
 - Burden of Proof:
 
 
  - Places the burden on the
      accused to prove that conversion was not coerced.
 
 
 - Social Polarization:
 
 
  - Potential to increase
      communal tensions and disharmony.
 
 
 
Arguments
in Favour of the Law:
 - Preventing Forced
     Conversions:
 
 
  - Protects vulnerable
      individuals, especially women and marginalized groups, from forced
      conversions.
 
 
 - Preserving Social Harmony:
 
 
  - Regulates conversions to
      maintain social peace.
 
 
 - Deterrence Against
     Conversion Rackets:
 
 
  - Acts as a deterrent to
      fraudulent religious groups exploiting individuals.
 
 
 - Balanced Religious Freedom:
 
 
  - Aims to safeguard religious
      freedom while preventing abuses.
 
 
 - Public Support:
 
 
  - Reflects concerns of a
      significant portion of Uttar Pradesh's population regarding religious
      conversions.
 
 
 WAY
FORWARD:
 - The government defends the
     law as essential to preventing forced conversions and protecting religious
     freedom.
 
 - Judicial interpretation and
     potential amendments may address challenges and criticisms.
 
Source: https://epaper.thehindu.com/ccidist-ws/th/th_delhi/issues/93144/OPS/GR6D4MK5R.1+GMAD4OP69.1.html